Turkistan, Kazakhstan, Shymkent

Turksitan, Kazakhstan

Turkistan is a city in southern Kazakhstan, and is the capital of the Turkistan Region. It is located on the Syr Darya River, and has a population of around 150,000 people. Turkistan is a major center of pilgrimage for Muslims, as it is the site of the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, one of the most important saints in Islam. The mausoleum is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Kazakhstan.

Turkistan was founded in the 11th century by the Karakhanids, a Turkic people who ruled Central Asia. The city was originally called Yasi, and was a major center of trade and learning. In the 13th century, Turkistan was conquered by the Mongols, and became part of the Mongol Empire. The city was later ruled by the Timurids, the Kazakhs, and the Russians.

Turkistan was a major center of the Kazakh Khanate, and was the capital of the khanate from 1511 to 1731. The city was conquered by the Russians in 1864, and became part of the Russian Empire. Turkistan was renamed to Perovsk in 1864, and was the capital of the Syr Darya Oblast from 1867 to 1917.

Turkistan was renamed back to Turkistan in 1924, and became part of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The city was the capital of the Turkistan Oblast from 1924 to 1936, and from 1938 to 1991.

Shymkent, Kazakhstan

Shymkent is a city in southern Kazakhstan, and is the capital of the South Kazakhstan Region. It is located on the Syr Darya River, and has a population of around 1 million people. Shymkent is a major industrial and commercial center, and is one of the largest cities in Kazakhstan.

Shymkent was founded in the 12th century by the Karakhanids, a Turkic people who ruled Central Asia. The city was originally called Shymkent, and was a major center of trade and learning. In the 13th century, Shymkent was conquered by the Mongols, and became part of the Mongol Empire. The city was later ruled by the Timurids, the Kazakhs, and the Russians.

Shymkent was a major center of the Kazakh Khanate, and was the capital of the khanate from 1511 to 1731. The city was conquered by the Russians in 1864, and became part of the Russian Empire. Shymkent was renamed to Chimkent in 1864, and was the capital of the Syr Darya Oblast from 1867 to 1917.

Shymkent was renamed back to Shymkent in 1924, and became part of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The city was the capital of the South Kazakhstan Oblast from 1932 to 1936, and from 1938 to 1991.